Wind Supply Curves
NREL has developed an interactive map and geospatial data showing wind supply curves, which characterize the quantity and quality of land-based and offshore wind resources across the contiguous United States.
Routinely updated, these supply curves capture emerging siting constraints, technology costs, and innovations.
These supply curves, updated regularly, incorporate emerging siting constraints, technology costs, and innovations. They are valuable for a wide range of stakeholders, supporting activities such as:
- Developer prospecting
- Capacity expansion modeling
- Transmission planning
To further enhance usability, NREL has released additional resources linked to these supply curves, including:
- Economic estimates
- Hourly capacity factor profiles
- Detailed geospatial siting data
- Local ordinances
- Tools for creating custom siting datasets
Siting Lab
The latest wind supply curve data is now hosted on the Siting Lab. Previous datasets have been archived on OpenEI.
In addition, Siting Lab offers information on wind energy siting regulations and zoning ordinances, making it a comprehensive resource for researchers, planners, and developers.
Interactive Land-Based Wind Supply Curve Map
Interactive map of the United States showing land-based wind supply curves. Reference Siting—ATB Moderate for 2030 indicates a capacity range of 0.02 MW–398 MW, with an average of 137 MW. Capacity, mean wind speed, and mean capacity factor are all taken into consideration when determining the quantity and quality of land-based wind resources. For assistance with this map, please contact the webmaster.
Note: Please view the interactive Land-Based Supply Curve map from a desktop computer to access it. It is not visible on mobile devices.
Interactive Offshore Wind Supply Curve Map
Interactive map of the United States showing offshore wind supply curves. Reference Siting—ATB Moderate for 2030 indicates a capacity range of 0.02 MW–398 MW, with an average of 137 MW. Capacity, mean wind speed, and mean capacity factor are all taken into consideration when determining the quantity and quality of offshore wind resources. For assistance with this map, please contact the webmaster.
Note: Please view the interactive Offshore Wind Supply Curve map from a desktop computer to access it. It is not visible on mobile devices.
Interactive Wind Ordinances Map
Interactive map of the United States showing wind ordinances, including moratorium or banned locations, building setbacks, road setbacks, property line setbacks, railroad setbacks, noise limits, transmission setbacks, height restrictions, water setbacks, shadow flicker limits, other ordinances, and statewide ordinances. For assistance with this map, please contact the webmaster.
Note: Please view the interactive Wind Ordinances map from a desktop computer to access it. It is not visible on mobile devices.
Publications
Solar Photovoltaics and Land-Based Wind Technical Potential and Supply Curves for the Contiguous United States: 2023 Edition, NREL Technical Report (2024)
Impact of Siting Ordinances On Land Availability For Wind and Solar Development, Nature (2023)
Impacts of Siting Considerations On Offshore Wind Technical Potential in the United States, NREL Technical Report (2023)
Land Use and Turbine Technology Influences on Wind Potential in the United States, Energy (2021)
Interactions of Wind Energy Project Siting, Wind Resource Potential, and the Evolution of the U.S. Power System, Energy (2021)
2021 Standard Scenarios Report: A U.S. Electricity Sector Outlook, NREL Technical Report (2021)
The Renewable Energy Potential (reV) Model: A Geospatial Platform for Technical Potential and Supply Curve Modeling, NREL Technical Report (2021)
U.S. Renewable Energy Technical Potentials: A GIS-Based Analysis, NREL Technical Report (2012)
In the News
Why Small Towns Are Fighting Renewable Energy Development, Wall Street Journal (2021)
Where Wind and Solar Power Need To Grow for America to Meet Its Goals, New York Times (2021)
Inside Clean Energy: Where Can We Put All Those Wind Turbines?, Inside Climate News (2021)
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Last Updated Jan. 23, 2025